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A BASIC GUIDE TO FIQH FOR PURIFICATION (TAHARAH, WUZU, GHUSL) AND SALAH (FIVE TIMES PRAYERS)
In the name of Allah, the Merciful, the Compassionate, Praise be to Allah, Lord of all the Worlds
SALAH

    Salah TimesProcedureConditions for SalahFarz ActsWajib ActsSunnah ActsMustahabs

MakroohaatsNullifiersNon-NullifiersSajdah SahwImaam & MuqtadiReasons for Missing Jamat

THERE ARE SEVEN CONDITIONS FOR AN IMAM TO LEAD ABLE MEN

  1. He must be a Muslim male.

  2. He must be an adult not a child.

  3. He must be sane.

  4. The Imaam must be male.

  5. He must be able to recite the Qur’an from memory.

  6. He must not be constantly bleeding from the nose.

  7. He should not stammer nor should there be an absence of any pre-condition of Salaat, e.g. Taharat, Satre Aurat, etc.

 

CONDITIONS FOR FOLLOWING THE IMAM

There are 13 conditions when following the Imam

  1. The Niyyat of the follower [Muqtadi] is to be simultaneous with the Tahreema.

  2. If there are females in the Jamaat, the Imaam must make Niyyat of leading them.

  3. The Imaam’s heels have the be in front of the Muqtadi’s.

  4. Condition of Imaam not to be inferior [lower e.g. Imaam performing Nafl Salaat whilst Muqtadi performing Farz] to that of the Muqtadi.

  5. The Imaam should not be performing a different Farz than the Muqtadi.

  6. There is no row of women between the Imaam and the followers.

  7. There is no river between the Imaam and the followers [a river in which small boats sail].

  8. There is no roads upon which carts [cars etc.] pass.

  9. There should not be a wall which can cause confusion about the Imaam’s movement. If there is no confusion because he is audible or visible, then it is correct to follow him.

  10. The Imaam should not be mounted whilst the followers are on foot [or vice versa].

  11. The follower should also not be mounted on a different animal/vehicle other than the Imam’s.

  12. The follower should not be one boat and the Imam in another boat, which is not attached to the follower’s. If attached, then the following is valid.

  13. If according to the follower’s opinion, the Imam’s Salaat has broken (e.g. by flowing blood or vomiting a mouthful and he is sure that the Imaam did not repeat his ablution) then it is not valid to follow the Imaam.

It is valid for one who has made Wudhu to follow someone who has made Tayammum, also for one who has washed the limb to follow one who has made Masah (over bandage etc.), also for one standing to follow one sitting and for a hunch back or one performing Salaat by signs to follow anther of the same type; and for one performing Nafl to follow one performing Farz. If it became known that the Imaam’s Salaat was nullified, the follower should try his best to notify all the followers to repeat their Salaat.

 

THE RIGHT OF IMAMATE BELONGS TO

If amongst those present, neither the owner of the premises, nor the appointed Imaam, nor the Ruler are present, then the following persons will be most deserving of Imamate (in order of preference).

  1. The most learned in laws of Salaat.
  2. The best reciter of the Qur’an.
  3. The most pious.
  4. The oldest.
  5. The most virtuous in character.
  6. The most handsome.
  7. The one of most birth.
  8. The one with the best (sweetest) voice.
  9. The one with the cleanest clothes.

 

If everyone is on a par, then lots should be drawn or the people can decide. The opinion of the majority will be considered. If the people choose someone besides the one who is most deserving, then they have done wrong.

 

THE IMAMATE OF THE FOLLOWING PERSONS IS MAKROOH (DISLIKED)

  1. A slave.
  2. A blind person.
  3. A person who is ignorant and not pious.
  4. A Faasiq (a sinner who knows of Deen).
  5. A Bidati (an innovator in Deen).

 

THE ORDER OF THE SAFF (ROWS)

The rows are formed by:-

    1. Men first.
    2. Then children.
    3. Followed by hermaphrodites.
    4. Then by women.

In Jamaat the first row is best, followed by the second and so on.

 

WHAT THE MUQTADI SHOULD DO AND SHOULD NOT DO AFTER THE IMAM HAS COMPLETED THE SALAAT

  1. If the Imaam performs the Salaam before the Muqtadi can complete the Tashahud, then the Muqtadi should complete it.
  2. However, if the Imaam raised his head before the Muqtadi can complete reciting 3 Tasbihs of Ruku or Sajdah, the Muqtadi should follow the Imaam.
  3. If the Imaam performs an extra Sajda or stands up by mistake after the final Qaidah, the Muqtadi will not follow suit and when the Imam thereafter consolidates the extra Rakat by making a Sajdah, the Muqtadi should make Salaam on his own.
  4. If the Imaam stands up before the final Qaidah by mistake, the Muqtadi should wait for him.
  5. If the Muqtadi makes Salaam before the Imaam consolidates the Rakat by making Sajdah, then the Farz Salaat of the Muqtadi is nullified.

It is Makrooh for the Muqtadi to make Salaam after the Imaam’s Tashahud, and before the Imam’s Salaam.

 

 
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